Bulk Flavin adenine dinucleotide

Flavin adenine dinucleotide Definition

What is Flavin adenine dinucleotide? Popularly known as FAD (initialisms), together with Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), Flavin adenine dinucleotide is biochemically active form of riboflavin (vitamin B2).

Flavin adenine dinucleotide is white to yellowish powder, odorless or slight special odor and slightly bitter in taste. FAD is soluble in water, almost insoluble in methanol, ethanol, glycerol or ether. Optical rotation [aD20] = -21.0 to -25.5°. FAD is easily decomposed when it encounters light, acid, alkali or high temperature (above 50°C). Therefore, it is best to store FAD raw ingredient powder in dry, cool places, ideally sealed in refrigerator for small quantities.

If you are new to flavin adenine dinucleotide, you may be confused with the information on the internet. Most of these B2B websites are wrong with their basic introduction. You may find there are two CAS of numbers of FAD, one is 84366-81-4, and the other is 146-14-5. You just need to know that one is in disodium salt form, and the other is in base form.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide VS Flavin mononucleotide VS Vitamin B2

As mentioned above, Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) are the active forms of vitamin B2. Some proteins in the body are dependent on FAD and FMN to function optimally and dietary riboflavin(vitamin B2) is the sole provider of FAD and FMN for these enzymes, which are called flavoproteins since FAD and FMN are ‘flavins’ and work in concert with these proteins.

Let me explain their relations in details.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide is the biochemically active form of vitamin B riboflavin. However, FAD has a stronger biochemical activity and a higher solubility in water and can be treated very easily. For these reasons, the need to use FAD to replace riboflavin has rapidly increased over the past years. Flavin adenine dinucleotide has recently been used in great quantities for various purposes in place of riboflavin, such as in drugs and as fillers for various foods and feeds.

FAD is synthesized in our bodies from the vitamin riboflavin and two molecules of ATP. Riboflavin is phosphorylated by ATP to give flavin mononucleotide (FMN). FAD is then formed from FMN by the transfer of an AMP moiety from a second molecule of ATP.

Overall, vitamin B riboflavin is the precursor of Flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD), and flavin mononucleotide ( FMN) can also be FAD’s precursor. FAD is the final ingredient that functions the mechanism of action of riboflavin.

At present, there is no FAD brands available on the supplement market, and no supplement formulas containing FAD ingredient. While, there are some FMN supplements already. One more difference is that the solubility of flavin adenine dinucleotide and Flavin mononucleotide are much better than vitamin B2.

How does Flavin adenine dinucleotide work?

The mechanism of action of FAD is complicated. When we know how riboflavin works, and then how FAD works will be easy to understand.

Riboflavin and its active coenzymes function as hydrogen carriers in oxidation-reduction reactions. FMN and FAD are tightly bound as prosthetic groups in flavoproteins that mediate electron transfers at multiple points of intermediary metabolism. Flavocoenzymes, flavoproteins, and metalloproteins are examples of substrates that use FAD as a cofactor to drive reactions. Examples include amino acid oxidases, xanthine oxidases, beta oxidation of lipids, and dehydrogenase reactions in the citric acid cycle. Riboflavin plays a role in erythropoiesis, epinephrine and norepinephrine catabolism, gluconeogenesis, activation of pyridoxine, conversion of folate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), and conversion of tryptophan to niacin.

You may also visit mechanism of action of Flavin mononucleotide for more information.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide benefits

The benefits of FAD can be the same as that of riboflavin vitamin B2. Some supplements containing riboflavin claim to aids metabolism of food, promotes cellular energy, etc.
Flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a compound that functions as an essential coenzyme in various enzymatic reactions in living cells, and promotes the metabolism of sugar, fat and protein. At the same time, FAD, as a vitamin B2 derivative, plays a certain role in maintaining the normal function of skin, mucosa and vision, especially in cell respiration.

Conventionally, FAD is formulated in various pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment or prevention of vitamin B 2 deficiency such as conjunctivitis, eyestrain, angular cheilitis, stomatitis, glossitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Further, in the ophthalmic formulation, FAD is utilized to improve fatigue cellular resilience during energy metabolism. Flavita is a registered trademark of eye lotion/eye drops products, the active ingredient in it is Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt.

More benefits of FAD in dietary supplement industry will be explored in the years to come.
The above information has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

FAD side effects

There are no supplements containing FAD, and so no side effects have been reported yet. Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) may have the same possible side effects as vitamin B2.

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Dosage

There are no supplements containing Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide ingredients, and FAD dosage is not available. Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide has another name as adeflavin, a drug name made by Japanese company TOWA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. However, NO more information is available.

FAD is said to be 10 to 100 times potent than riboflavin. The recommended dosage for riboflavin is one tablet of 250mg daily. In this situation, dosage of FAD should be 2.5mg to 25mg. It is just a guess, no scientific citations for reference.

Where to buy Flavin adenine dinucleotide powder in bulk?

There is no ready bulk FAD ingredient in stock for the time being. You may not find anywhere else. Herb Nutritionals Co., Ltd is the manufacturer of Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). We have made several trial batches, lab batches, pilot batches, and scale-up batch （or commercial batch）, all are very successful. If you are supplement brands, or supplement contract manufacturing for flavin adenine dinucleotide ingredient powder, please contact us for more details regarding on custom production. FAD documents such as specifications, certificate of analysis (COA), Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), etc., please go to contact page and send email to us, we will respond in 12 hours.